2022级“译名堂”毕业翻译研讨 第53场
内容简介：
中外合资FJ液化天然气有限公司与VTN拖轮有限公司拟签订拖轮长期服务合同。FJ液化天然气有限公司委托成都市思译翻译有限公司将该合同文本翻译为英文，以供其外方股东审查批准。笔者在思译公司实习期间，根据公司安排，得以获得该文本的翻译权限，翻译了该合同文本。
本实践项目节选自该合同1-28章，共16483字。该合同通过对相关内容的定义和解释，界定了FJ液化天然气有限公司与VTN拖轮有限公司各自的权利和义务。公司方期望在本合同附件中所描述的作业区域及相关区域内，获得所有本合同附件中所描述的与公司液化天然气接收站相关的服务，以及承包商从事此类服务的业务，具有相关经验和专业技术，并将依照本合同中的条款提供船舶、设备及经过全面培训的称职人员来履行服务。因此，考虑到双方能通过本协议而实现的利益，以及本协议中规定的相互条件和特别对价，双方达成此协议。
译文修改：
例1：
ST:如果任何一艘服务船灭失，有关该服务船的服务费应从其灭失当天中午起停止计算；如果服务船失踪，有关该服务船的服务费应从最后收到其消息的当天中午起停止计算，有关该服务船此前已预支的但不应获得的服务费应归还公司。
TT1:In the case of any Support Vessel lost, service fee in respect of such Support Vessel shall cease to accrue from noon on the day of such loss, and in the case of the disappearance of the Support Vessel, service charge in respect of such Support Vessel shall cease to accrue from noon on the day on which news of such Support Vessel is last received. And the service fee in respect of such Support Vessel shall be reimbursed to the Company which have been previously advanced but shall not be earned.
TT2:If any Support Vessel suffers a loss of functionality, the Service Fee for such Support Vessel shall cease to accrue from 12:00 PM (noon) on the day of such loss; if any Support Vessel is lost, the Service Fee for such Support Vessel shall cease to accrue from 12:00 PM (noon) on the day when news of such Support Vessel was last received. Any prepaid Service Fee attributable to the period after such cessation time shall be immediately reimbursed to the Company.
例2：
ST:鉴于：
公司期望在本合同附件“A”中所描述的作业区域及相关区域内，获得所有本合同附件“B”中所描述的与公司液化天然气接收站相关的服务，以及承包商从事此类服务的业务，具有相关经验和专业技术，并将依照本合同中的条款提供船舶、设备及经过全面培训的称职人员来履行服务。
TT1:Whereas:
The Company requires all Services described in Annex“B”hereto relating to its LNG Terminal, to be provided in the operational area delineated in Annex“A”hereto and adjacent areas; and the Contractor is engaged in the business of performing such Services with the relevant experience and expertise, and will provide vessels, equipment and fully trained and qualified personnel to perform the Services in compliance with the terms of this Contract.
TT2:Whereas:
The Company requires the Contractor to provide all the Services described in Annex "B" hereto relating to the Company's LNG Terminal within the operational area described in Annex "A" hereto and adjacent areas; and the Contractor is engaged in the business of performing such Services, possesses the relevant experience and expertise, and undertakes to provide vessels, equipment, and fully trained and qualified personnel to perform the Services in compliance with the terms of this Contract.
例3：
ST:因一方的贿赂行为造成对方损失的，贿赂方应就对方的损失承担赔偿责任，并承担相应的法律责任。
TT1:If the other party’s loss is caused by virtue of one party’s bribery, the bribing party shall be liable for compensation for the other Party’s loss and solely bear all relevant legal liabilities arising therefrom under Applicable Laws.
TT2:If one party’s bribery causes losses to the Affected Party, the bribing party shall compensate the Affected Party for all such losses and solely bear all relevant legal liabilities arising therefrom.
研讨反思：
法律翻译的本质是在语言转换中重构法律效力。译者需兼具"法言法语"的精准把控与对文本深层逻辑的透视能力。正如例2中“undertakes to provide”的增译所示，优秀的法律译文往往需在“形式对等”与“功能对等”间寻求平衡。未来将聚焦术语体系化、句式专业化、逻辑显性化等能力的提升，以实现商务合同翻译的精准"。通过分析翻译文本中的词汇错误，我深刻认识到选词需结合语境、词性及文化背景，否则在商务语境中可能引发歧义。中式英语与法律惯用表达存在差距，需要用本土化的正式语言对合同文本进行英译，因果关系或转折关系的表达需符合目标语言习惯。翻译中需关注语法结构、时态一致性及主谓关系，实现句法逻辑的严谨性。
法律翻译的“双重忠实”原则：需同时忠实于原文语义与法律效力。如例2中“undertakes to provide”的增译，既未偏离原意，又强化了合同约束力。避免过度直译导致逻辑模糊（如例1中"previously advanced"的歧义）句式结构服务于法律逻辑：长句拆分需保留逻辑关联词（如"provided that", "whereas"）；被动语态使用需谨慎（例2中主动语态更利于明确责任主体）。
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